Njengomthombo wamandla osetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso, umoya ocinezelweyo ubanga i-10% ukuya kwi-35% yamandla apheleleyo asetyenziswa kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. I-96% yamandla asetyenziswa kwinkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo kukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-compressor yemizi-mveliso, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla onyaka kwe-compressor yemizi-mveliso eTshayina kwenza ngaphezulu kwe-6% yamandla apheleleyo asetyenziswayo kwilizwe lonke. Iindleko zokusebenza kwe-air compressor ngokweendleko zokuthenga, iindleko zokugcina kunye neendleko zokusebenza kwamandla, ngokwethiyori yovavanyo lomjikelo wobomi obupheleleyo, iindleko zokuthenga zibanga malunga ne-10% kuphela, ngelixa iindleko zamandla ziphezulu njenge-77%. Oku kubonisa ukuba iTshayina kufuneka iphucule ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo ngelixa isenza uhlengahlengiso lwemizi-mveliso noqoqosho.
Njengoko kuqondwa ngakumbi iimfuno zokonga umoya ocinezelweyo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya kumashishini, kungxamisekile ukukhetha iteknoloji efanelekileyo kwinkqubo ekhoyo yokuguqula ukonga amandla ibe kukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo zokonga amandla. Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, uphando malunga namashishini emizi-mveliso aseTshayina lubonise ukuba imfuno yokuhlaziya ukonga amandla ivela kakhulu kwezi zinto zintathu zilandelayo:
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-air compressor kubangele inxalenye ephezulu kakhulu yokusetyenziswa kwamandla eshishini; ukungazinzi kokunikezelwa komoya ocinezelweyo, ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kunye nezinye iimpembelelo kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezixhobo; ngokwandiswa kwesikali semveliso, ishishini lenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo yokuqala lenza utshintsho lube ngcono ukuze luvumelane nokukhula kwemfuno. Ngenxa yeempawu zenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo yeshishini kunye netekhnoloji yokonga amandla esebenzayo yahlukile, ukuze kuphuculwe izinga lempumelelo yotshintsho, utshintsho lokonga amandla alunakwenziwa ngokungaboniyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okonga amandla asekelwe kuhlalutyo olupheleleyo, uvavanyo kunye novavanyo lwenkqubo yonke. Ababhali bahlalutye kwaye bahlola iimpawu kunye nobubanzi bokusetyenziswa kwezinye iiteknoloji ezikhoyo nezivelayo zokonga amandla ngokuphanda ukusetyenziswa komoya ocinezelweyo kwinani elikhulu lamashishini emizi-mveliso.
Icebo lokonga amandla enkqubo
Ngokusekelwe kwingcamango yovavanyo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo ye-pneumatic kunye nohlalutyo lokulahleka kwamandla, ukuqala kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokwakheka kwenkqubo, amanyathelo okonga amandla ngokubanzi athathwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukuveliswa komoya oxinzelelweyo. Uqwalaselo olufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeecompressor, ukwenziwa ngcono kwendlela yokusebenza, ulawulo lwemihla ngemihla lwezixhobo zokucoca umoya. Ukuthuthwa komoya oxinzelelweyo. Ukwenziwa ngcono koqwalaselo lwenethiwekhi yemibhobho, ukwahlulwa kwemibhobho yokuhambisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi; ukujonga ukusasazwa komoya ngexesha langempela, ukuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokunciphisa ukuvuza, ukuphucula ukulahleka koxinzelelo kwiindawo ezidibeneyo. Ukusetyenziswa komoya oxinzelelweyo. Ukuphuculwa kwesekethe yokuqhuba isilinda, ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zokonga amandla ezenzelwe eli shishini, ezifana neevalvu zokonga umoya ezikhethekileyo zeesilinda zokudubula kwishishini le-aluminium ye-electrolytic, kunye nezibhamu zomoya kunye nee-nozzles zokonga amandla. Ukubuyiswa kobushushu obuchithwe yicompressor. Ubushushu obuveliswa ngexesha loxinzelelo lomoya bufunyanwa ngokusebenzisa utshintshiselwano lobushushu, njl.njl., kwaye busetyenziselwa ukufudumeza okuncedisayo kunye nokufudumeza inkqubo, njl.njl.
Ukuveliswa komoya ocinezelweyo
1 Ukonga amandla kwe-compressor yomoya omnye
Okwangoku, ii-air compressors ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe yi-reciprocating, centrifugal kunye ne-screw. Uhlobo lwe-reciprocating lusasetyenziswa ngobuninzi kwamanye amashishini amadala; uhlobo lwe-centrifugal lusetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini e-textile asebenza ngokuzinzileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa ludla ngokunyuka xa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lutshintsha ngequbuliso. Amanyathelo aphambili okonga amandla asetyenziswayo ngala: ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka komoya ongeniswayo, ingakumbi amashishini e-textile ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo wokucoca umoya, ukuze kuhluzwe inani elikhulu leefayibha ezimfutshane emoyeni. Nciphisa ubushushu bokungena kwe-air compressor ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Uxinzelelo lweoyile yeoyile yokuthambisa kwi-centrifuge rotor vibration lunempembelelo enkulu, ukhetho lweoyile yokuthambisa equlethe ii-antifoaming agents kunye neziqinisi ze-oxidation. Nika ingqalelo kumgangatho wamanzi okupholisa, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okupholisa okufanelekileyo, ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi okucwangcisiweyo. Iindawo zokukhupha i-condensate ze-air compressor, i-dryer, itanki yokugcina kunye nenethiwekhi yepayipi kufuneka zikhutshwe rhoqo. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphefumla okubangelwa kukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwemfuno yomoya, njl.njl., qaphela ukulungisa ibhendi elinganayo kunye nexesha elidibeneyo elibekwe yiyunithi, kwaye uzame ukunqanda ukunciphisa ngequbuliso ukusetyenziswa komoya. Khetha ii-centrifuge ezinamanqanaba amathathu ezinefuthe elimangalisayo lokonga amandla, kwaye uzame ukusebenzisa ii-motor ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukunciphisa ilahleko zomgca kunye nokugcina ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwisikhululo soxinzelelo lomoya kuphantsi.
I-screw air compressor isetyenziswa kakhulu, le ngqwalasela ilandelayo ikwisishwankathelo sothelekiso lwendlela yokulawula i-screw air compressor: ukuhlalutya ukulayisha/ukukhupha i-air compressor yangoku kunye neengxaki zokulawula uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, kunokufikelelwa kwisigqibo: kuxhomekeka kwiindlela zoomatshini zokulawula i-inlet valve, unikezelo lomoya alunakulungiswa ngokukhawuleza nangokuqhubekayo. Xa ubungakanani begesi butshintsha rhoqo, uxinzelelo lonikezelo luyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Ulawulo olucocekileyo lwefrikhwensi lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuguquguquka kokusetyenziswa komoya kumzi-mveliso ngokongeza i-frequency converter ukulungisa imveliso yomoya ye-air compressor. Ingxaki kukuba inkqubo ifanelekile kwimeko yokuba ukuguquguquka kokusetyenziswa komoya kumzi-mveliso akukhulu (ukuguquguquka yi-40% ~ 70% yomthamo wokuveliswa komoya womatshini omnye kwaye isiphumo sokonga amandla sesona sibalulekileyo).
Inkqubo yolawulo lweengcali zeqela le-Air compressor ezimbini
Inkqubo yolawulo lweengcali zeqela le-air compressor iye yaba yiteknoloji entsha yolawulo lweqela le-air compressor kunye nokonga amandla. Inkqubo yolawulo ngokweenguqu zemfuno yoxinzelelo, ulawulo lwe-Admiral lwee-air compressors ezahlukeneyo luqala kwaye luyeke, lulayishe kwaye lukhuphe, njl.njl., ukugcina inkqubo ibisoloko ilinani elifanelekileyo kunye nomthamo we-compressor esebenzayo.
Inkqubo yolawulo lwasekhaya ngolawulo lwe-frequency converter ukutshintsha isantya se-air compressor enye kwifektri, inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi ephantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukulawula ixesha lemveliso yegesi yeyunithi ye-air compressor, ukufanisa inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi ephantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi kwifektri, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci kubungakanani begesi. Ngokubanzi khetha ukuba yeyiphi inguqu yokuguqulwa kwe-air compressor frequency, kufuneka ube yinkqubo yobungcali yokwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo kunye nokubala ukuze kugqitywe. Ngohlalutyo olungentla kunye nokuthelekisa, kufumaneka: uninzi lweenkqubo zethu zomoya ezixineneyo zinendawo eninzi yokuphucula. Ukuguqulwa kwe-compressor frequency conversion kunokufezekisa isiphumo sokonga amandla kuphela ngokudibanisa nokusebenza kwenkqubo yomoya exineneyo yeshishini, ekufuneka ivavanywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlolwe ziingcali ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Inkqubo yolawulo lweengcali zeqela le-air compressor ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwii-air compressors ezininzi ezisebenza ngaxeshanye, ukuphunyezwa koqwalaselo lwenyathelo, kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini.
Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokomisa umoya ocinezelweyo oku-3
Okwangoku, izixhobo zokomisa nokucubungula umoya ezicinezelweyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkampani luhlobo olufrijiweyo, uhlobo olungenalo uhlaziyo lobushushu kunye nohlobo oludibeneyo lohlaziyo lobushushu obuncinci, uthelekiso oluphambili lokusebenza luboniswe kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
Ukuguqulwa okonga amandla komgca wokhuselo kulandele le migaqo ilandelayo: Ukuba inkqubo yokuqala yomoya icocekile kakhulu, tshintsha uye kunyango oluhambelanayo oluphantsi. Phucula inkqubo yokomisa, nciphisa ukulahleka koxinzelelo kwikhonkco lonyango lokomisa (ukulahleka koxinzelelo kwisomisi seenkqubo ezithile ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.05 ~ 0.1MPa), nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ukuthuthwa komoya ocinezelweyo
Inkqubo yombhobho enye yenkqubo yombhobho i-yajiang ayifanele idlule i-1.5% yoxinzelelo olusebenzayo. Okwangoku, izitishi ezininzi zoxinzelelo lomoya azinazo iipayipi eziphambili nezesibini, iingqiniba ezininzi ezingafunekiyo kunye nokugoba, ukubetha koxinzelelo rhoqo, kunye nokulahleka okukhulu koxinzelelo. Eminye yemibhobho ye-pneumatic igqunywe emseleni kwaye ayinakujongwa ukuba ivuza na. Ukuqinisekisa imfuno yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo nangayiphi na imeko, abasebenzi bolawulo lokusebenza bonyusa uxinzelelo lokusebenza lwenkqubo yonke nge-0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka koxinzelelo lokwenziwa. Konyuka ngakunye kwe-0.1MPa koxinzelelo lokukhupha umoya we-compressor, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-compressor yomoya kuya kwanda nge-7% ~ 10%. Kwangaxeshanye, ukwanda koxinzelelo lwenkqubo kwandisa ukuvuza komoya. Amanyathelo okuhlaziya okonga amandla: tshintsha umbhobho wolungiselelo lwesebe ube lulungiselelo lwe-loop, usebenzise ukwahlulwa kokunikezelwa komoya oxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi, kwaye ufake iyunithi yokugqitha ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi; tshintsha umbhobho ngokumelana okukhulu kwendawo ngexesha lokulungiswa kokonga umbane, nciphisa ukumelana kombhobho, kwaye ucoce udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho ngokuhlamba nge-asidi, ukususa umhlwa, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba udonga lombhobho lugudile.
2 Ukuvuza, ukufunyanwa kokuvuza kunye nokufakwa kweplagi
Uninzi lokuvuza kwefektri lubi kakhulu, ubungakanani bokuvuza bufikelela kwi-20% ~ 35%, nto leyo eyenzeka kakhulu kwiivalvu, iijoyinti, iitriplets, iivalvu zesolenoid, iintambo ezidityanisiweyo kunye nesiciko sangaphambili sesilinda sesixhobo ngasinye esisebenzisa igesi; ezinye zezixhobo zisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, zikhulula ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye zikhupha umoya rhoqo. Umonakalo obangelwa kukuvuza phantse ungaphaya kwengqondo yabantu abaninzi. Njengesitishi sokuwelda sendawo yemoto se-welding slag kumbhobho wegesi obangelwa ngumngxuma omncinci we-1mm ububanzi, ukulahleka kombane ngonyaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-355kWh, phantse kulingane nombane wasekhaya wamalungu amabini amalungu amathathu ngonyaka. Amanyathelo okonga umbane: Faka inkqubo yolawulo lokulinganisa ukuhamba kombhobho wokuhambisa igesi kwindawo ephambili yokuvelisa ukumisela umda wokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo. Lungisa ukusetyenziswa kwegesi kwinkqubo, nciphisa inani leevalvu kunye neejoyinti, kwaye unciphise iindawo zokuvuza. Yomeleza ulawulo kwaye usebenzise izixhobo zobungcali zokuhlola rhoqo. Ngamafutshane, amashishini angasebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo zobungcali ezifana nesixhobo sokubona ukuvuza kwegesi esikrelekrele esifikelela kwindawo enye, umpu wokuskena indawo yokuvuza, njl.njl., ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela inkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo ukuba isebenze, ibeke emngciphekweni, ivuza kwaye ivuza, ngokufanelekileyo benze umsebenzi wokulungisa kunye nomsebenzi wokutshintsha izinto.
Ukusetyenziswa komoya ocinezelweyo
Izibhamu zomoya zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni iinkqubo zokugqiba, umatshini kunye nezinye iindawo zenkqubo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa komoya wazo kufikelela kwi-50% yombane wonke kwiindawo ezithile zoshishino. Kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa, kukho izinto ezifana nombhobho womoya omde kakhulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu, ukusebenzisa umbhobho wobhedu othe tye njengomlomo kunye nokwanda okungagunyaziswanga koxinzelelo lokusebenza ngabasebenzi abaphambili, okubangela inkunkuma enkulu yomoya.
Ingxaki yokusebenzisa igesi kwizixhobo zomoya nayo iyabonakala ngakumbi, njengokufumanisa ukuba ingaba isiqwenga somsebenzi sibambeke endaweni yokufunyanwa koxinzelelo lomqolo wegesi, ukunikezelwa kwegesi yejenereyitha yomoya, njl. Ingxaki yokunikezelwa kwegesi engaphazanyiswayo xa ingasebenzi. Ezi ngxaki zikhona ngakumbi kwiitanki zeekhemikhali kunye nezinye igesi ezisetyenziselwa ukuxuba, nakwimveliso yamatayara, njengokunyuka kwamaxabiso okuqhelekileyo. Amanyathelo okulungisa ukonga amandla: Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha zokonga amandla ze-pneumatic nozzle kunye nee-air guns zohlobo lwe-pulse. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomoya kumashishini athile, njengoshishino lwe-aluminium ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwevalvu ekhethekileyo yokonga umoya yesilinda yokudubula.
Ukubuyiselwa kobushushu obumdaka be-air compressor
Ngokovavanyo lomjikelo wobomi bonke, i-80% ~ 90% yamandla ombane asetyenziswa zii-air compressors aguqulwa abe bubushushu aze anyamalale. Ukusasazwa kokusetyenziswa kobushushu bombane kwi-air compressor kuboniswe kumfanekiso ongezantsi, ngaphandle kobushushu obusasazwa kwindawo esingqongileyo kwaye bugcinwe emoyeni ocinezelweyo ngokwawo, i-94% yamandla aseleyo angasetyenziswa ngendlela yokubuyisela ubushushu obungafunekiyo.
Ukubuyiselwa kobushushu obumdaka kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umtshintshi wobushushu kunye nezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokubuyisela ubushushu obusetyenziswa ekufudumaleni komoya okanye emanzini, ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo okufana nokufudumeza okuncedisayo, ukufudumeza inkqubo kunye nokufudumeza amanzi ngaphambi kokwenza ibhoyila. Ngokuphuculwa okufanelekileyo, i-50% ukuya kwi-90% yamandla obushushu inokubuyiselwa kwaye isetyenziswe. Ukufakwa kwezixhobo zokubuyisela ubushushu kunokulawula ngempumelelo ubushushu bokusebenza kwe-compressor yomoya kubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusebenza, ukuze imeko yokusebenza yeoyile yokuthambisa ibe ngcono, kwaye umthamo wokukhupha umoya we-compressor yomoya unyuke nge-2% ~ 6%. Kwi-compressor yomoya epholileyo, ungayimisa ifeni yokupholisa ye-compressor yomoya ngokwayo kwaye usebenzise ipompo yamanzi ejikelezayo ukubuyisela ubushushu; i-compressor yomoya epholileyo ngamanzi ingasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi abandayo okanye ukufudumeza indawo, kwaye izinga lokubuyisela liyi-50% ~ 60%. Ukubuyiselwa kobushushu obumdaka xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokufudumeza zombane phantse akukho kusetyenziswa kwamandla; xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zegesi yepetroli akukho kukhutshwa, yindlela ecocekileyo neyokusingqongileyo yokonga amandla. Ngokusekelwe kwingcamango yohlalutyo lokulahleka kwamandla kwenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo, into ekhoyo yokusetyenziswa kwegesi engenangqondo kunye namanyathelo okonga amandla eshishini ayahlalutywa kwaye ashwankathelwe. Kwinguqu yokonga amandla kwishishini, eyokuqala kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukwenza uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha kunye novavanyo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo okuphucula afanelekileyo ukufezekisa iinjongo zokonga amandla, kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yonke yomoya ocinezelweyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-02-2024