Iinjini zokulawula zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu isantya esichanekileyo kunye nolawulo lwendawo kwaye "njengee-activators" kwiinkqubo zolawulo. Zinokwahlulwa ngokweenjini ze-servo, ii-motor stepper,iimotor torque, iimotor ezitshintshileyo zokungafuni, ii-motor ze-DC ezingenasibrashi, njalo njalo.
1. Ii-Servomotors
Iinjini ze-Servo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo ukuguqula imiqondiso yamandla ombane abe ziziphumo zoomatshini kwi-motor shaft kunye nokutsala izinto ezilawulwayo ukufezekisa iinjongo zolawulo. Ngokubanzi, iimotor ze-servo zifuna ukuba isantya sokujikeleza semoto kufuneka silawulwe sisignali yombane eyongeziweyo; isantya esijikelezayo sinokutshintshwa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokutshintshwa kwesignali ye-voltage eyongezelelweyo; i-torque inokulawulwa yimveliso yangoku evela kumlawuli; ukubonakaliswa kwemoto kufuneka kube ngokukhawuleza, umthamo kufuneka ube mncinci, kwaye amandla okulawula kufuneka abe mancinci. Iinjini zeServo zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulawula intshukumo, ngakumbi iinkqubo zabalandeli.Injini yeServo ine-DC kunye ne-AC, i-servo motor yokuqala yimoto ye-DC ngokubanzi, kwimeko yolawulo oluchanekileyo alukho phezulu, phambi kokusetyenziswa kwe-DC ngokubanzi. injini njenge servo motor. Ngoku kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweumazibuthe osisigxina motor synchronousitekhnoloji, uninzi lweemotor ze-servo zizizibuthe ezisisigxina ze-AC ze-servo motors okanye iimotor ze-DC brushless.
2. Stepper motor
Into ebizwai-motor ye-stepperyi-activator eguqula iipulses zombane zibe yi-angular displacements; ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo: xa umqhubi we-stepper efumana isignali ye-pulse, iqhubela i-motor stepper ukuba ijikeleze i-angle ehleliweyo kwicala elimiselweyo. Sinokulawula inani lee-pulses ukulawula ukufuduka kwe-angular ye-motor, ukuze sifezekise injongo yokubeka ngokuchanekileyo; Kwangaxeshanye, unokulawula ukuphindaphinda kwee-pulses ukulawula isantya sokujikeleza kwemoto kunye nokukhawuleza, ukuze ufezekise injongo yolawulo lwesantya. Okwangoku, ezona njini zixhaphakileyo zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya iimotor ezisebenzayo (VR), iimotor zemagnethi ezisisigxina (PM), iimotor hybrid stepper (HB) kunye neemotor ezinenqanaba elinye.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-stepper motor kunye ne-motor eqhelekileyo ilele ikakhulu ngohlobo lwe-pulse drive yayo, kwaye le nto ivumela iimotor ezinyathelayo ukuba zidityaniswe netekhnoloji yolawulo lwedijithali. Nangona kunjalo, i-stepper motor ingaphantsi kulawulo lwemveli oluvaliweyo lwe-DC servo motor ngokuchaneka kolawulo, uluhlu lokutshintsha kwesantya, kunye nokusebenza ngesantya esisezantsi; ke ngoko, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiimeko apho iimfuno zokuchaneka zingekho phezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi, i-stepper motor isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokuziqhelanisa nemveliso; ngokukodwa kwintsimi yokwenziwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, ngenxa yokuba i-stepper motor ayifuni ukuguqulwa kwe-A / D, kwaye inokuguqula ngokuthe ngqo imiqondiso ye-pulse yedijithali ibe yi-angular displacements, ngoko ibisoloko ithathwa njengeyona nto ifanelekileyo yomshini we-CNC.
Ukongeza kusetyenziso lwazo kwizixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, iimotor ze-stepper zisenokusetyenziswa nakwabanye oomatshini, njengeemotor kwi-automatic feeders, njengeemotor ngokwenjongo ngokubanzi ye-floppy disk drives, kunye nakwizishicileli kunye namacebo.
Ukongeza, ii-motor stepper nazo zineziphene ezininzi; ngenxa yobukho bokungabikho komthwalo wokuqalisa ukuphindaphinda kweenjini ze-stepper, ngoko ke i-motor stepper inokuqhuba ngokuqhelekileyo ngesantya esiphantsi, kodwa ukuba iphezulu kunesantya esithile ayinakuqalwa, kwaye ihamba kunye nesandi esibukhali somlozi; abavelisi abahlukeneyo bokuchaneka kwe-drive ekwahlulwahlulwayo banokuhluka kakhulu, ubukhulu becala elicandiweyo lokuchaneka kunzima kakhulu ukulawula; kwaye, iimotor stepper zijikeleza ngezantya eziphantsi xa intshukumo enkulu kunye nengxolo.
3. Iinjini zeTorque
Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-torque motor yi-flat multi-pali yemagnethi esisigxina ye-DC motor. I-armature yayo inenani eliphezulu leendawo zokubeka, iipleyiti ze-commutator kunye nee-conductor zechungechunge ukunciphisa i-torque pulsations kunye ne-speed pulsations. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeemoto zetorque: iimotor torque zeDC kunye neemotor torque zeAC.
Phakathi kwabo, i-DC torque motor ine-reactance encinci kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuphendula kwayo kuhle kakhulu; i-torque yayo yokuphuma ilingana negalelo langoku, elizimeleyo kwisantya kunye nesikhundla se-rotor; inokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kumthwalo kwizantya eziphantsi kwindawo ephantse yavalwa ngaphandle kokunciphisa igiya, ngoko inokuvelisa umlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu we-torque-to-inertia kwi-shaft yomthwalo kwaye inokuphelisa iimpazamo ezicwangcisiweyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweegiya zokunciphisa. .
Iimotor ze-AC torque zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezihambelanayo kunye ne-asynchronous, kwaye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo yi-squirrel cage asynchronous torque motor, ebonakaliswa ngesantya esisezantsi kunye netorque enkulu. Ngokubanzi, iimotor torque ze-AC zihlala zisetyenziswa kumzi mveliso welaphu. Umgaqo wabo wokusebenza kunye nesakhiwo ziyafana nezo ze-motor-asynchronous motors, kodwa iimpawu zabo zomatshini zithambile ngenxa yokumelana okuphezulu kwe-squirrel-cage rotor.
4. Ukutshintsha iimotor zokungafuni
Imoto yokutshintsha isantya luhlobo olutsha lwemoto enesantya esilula kakhulu kwaye esomeleleyo, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kokulawula isantya, olukhuphisana olomeleleyo lweemotor zolawulo lwemveli kwaye lunamandla orhwebo anamandla. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki ezinje nge-torque pulsation, ingxolo yokusebenza kunye nokungcangcazela, ezifuna ixesha elithile ukuba ziphuculwe kwaye ziphuculwe ukuziqhelanisa nesicelo sangempela semarike.
5. Iimotor ze-DC ezingenamabhurashi
Iinjini ze-Brushless DC (i-BLDCM) zisekelwe kwi-brush yeemoto ze-DC, kodwa i-drive yabo yangoku ayixutywanga AC; Iinjini ze-DC ezingenasbhrash zinokuphinda zohlulwe zibe ziinjini zesantya esingena-brushless kunye ne-brushless torque motors. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-motor brushless zineentlobo ezimbini zokuqhuba, enye i-trapezoidal (ngokuqhelekileyo "i-square") kunye nenye i-sinusoidal. Eyangaphambili ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-brushless DC motor, kwaye le yokugqibela ibizwa ngokuba yi-AC servomotor, ekwaluhlobo lwe-AC servomotor.
Iinjini ze-Brushless ze-DC ziqhele ukuba "zibhityile" zokwakha ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha le-inertia. Iinjini ze-Brushless ze-DC zincinci kakhulu ngobunzima kunye nomthamo kuneenjini ze-DC ezixutywe, kwaye umzuzu ohambelanayo we-inertia unokuncitshiswa malunga ne-40% -50%. Ngenxa yeengxaki zokusetyenzwa kwezixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina, iinjini ze-DC ezingenabrushless zinomthamo ongaphantsi kwe-100kW.
Olu hlobo lweempawu zomatshini wemoto kunye neempawu zolawulo lomgca olungileyo, uluhlu olubanzi lwesantya, ubomi obude, ukugcinwa lula kunye nengxolo ephantsi, akukho brashi ebangelwa luthotho lweengxaki, ke olu hlobo lwemoto kwinkqubo yolawulo lunamandla amakhulu isicelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-03-2024
